Author: Jeff Englund

John 2: 20-21

“They replied, ‘It has taken forty-six years to build this temple, and you are going to raise it in three days?’ But the temple he had spoken of was his body.”

The temple had always been the focal point of Jewish worship. Originally, at God’s instruction, the Israelites built a mobile temple they called a tabernacle. Then, in the time of Solomon, God allowed a stationary structure to be built; the First Temple. This temple was destroyed when the remainder of Israel was sent into exile for 70 years. The second temple was constructed about five centuries before the birth of Jesus and “rebuilt” by Herod beginning about 20 years before Jesus was born. The “forty-six years” mentioned to this passage refers to what was known as “Herod’s Temple” because Herod financed the project.

The Glory of God had been seen in the First Temple (1 Kings 6, 8), but not in the second. Not until Jesus arrived did the Temple see the Spirit of God again.

Q: If Jesus’ body was the new temple of God, what was in the temple that Herod had built?

Continue reading “Temple Talk”

John 2: 19

“Jesus answered them, ‘Destroy this temple, and I will raise it again in three days.’”

The setting for this verse is this: Jesus and the Jews are standing in the courtyard of the Temple. Jesus has just finished clearing out all of the merchants and money traders who had taken to doing business that should have been done outside of the Temple inside of the Temple courts. The Jews demand a “sign” that would “prove” Jesus had the authority to do what he had done. Jesus responds with the words in today’s verse, “Destroy this temple…” John explains in verse 21 what Jesus meant, but the question remains:

Q: Why did Jesus choose to be so obscure in what he said?

John 2: 17

“The Jews then responded to him, ‘What sign can you show us to prove your authority to do all this?’”

After clearing the temple courts (a huge job, physically), using a whip to drive the animals out, and physically overturning table after money changing table, Jesus must be sweating and breathing hard. Looking over the now near empty courtyards his zeal abates, satisfied for the moment that his Father’s house has been purged of the marketplace. Turning, he sees an envoy of Jews approaching. They had not seen anything wrong with doing a little business in the temple courts so they approach the sweating carpenter while he is still catching his breath and demand a “sign” that will prove he has a right to do what he did.

Q: What kind of sign might the Jews have been expecting in this situation?

Bonus Question: What does it say about the mindset of the Jews in Jesus day, or their subconscious view of Jesus, that they would even think to ask for a “sign?”

Continue reading “Authority”

John 2: 17

“His disciples remembered that it is written: ‘Zeal for your house will consume me.’”

The zeal described in this verse is like a fire, it “consumed” Jesus. Clearly it was a holy zeal. Obviously it was a God-honoring zeal. Of all the word pictures of Jesus that we see in Scripture, this one is unique. This Jesus is a man of action, a man intent on making a point, one who is driven by an unrelenting sense of righteousness.

Q: What do you have zeal for?

Continue reading “Zeal”

John 2: 15-16

“So he made a whip out of cords, and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle; he scattered the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables. To those who sold doves he said, “Get these out of here! Stop turning my Father’s house into a market!” 

This is not the typical picture of Jesus that we see in the children’s Bibles! No little lambs here. No smiling Jesus. This is Jesus unleashed. And yet, there is a sense of waiting, too. Jesus doesn’t just run into the temple courts yelling and turning over tables. He stops to find some cords and then weaves them into a whip. Only after doing this does he very purposefully clear the temple courts.

Q: If God himself had appeared at the Temple as he did before the Israelites in the days of Moses, what would have been the outcome based on Jesus’ reaction to what was going on in the temple?

Continue reading “Clearing”

John 2: 13-14

“When it was almost time for the Jewish Passover, Jesus went up to Jerusalem.  In the temple courts he found people selling cattle, sheep and doves, and others sitting at tables exchanging money.”

Jesus is not a stranger to the temple in Jerusalem when he goes there. He had been to the temple for Passover before. Luke 2:41 says that “Every year Jesus’ parents went to Jerusalem for the Festival of the Passover.” Something was different this year. Jesus is no longer primarily responsible for his earthly family. His “hour” has come to devote himself fully to his father’s will.

Q: What do you suppose was going through his mind as Jesus look out over the large courtyards of the temple and saw people engaged in buying and selling everywhere?

Continue reading “Temple View”

John 2: 12

“After this he went down to Capernaum with his mother and brothers and his disciples. There they stayed for a few days.”

This single verse paints a picture of Jesus as he transitions from head of household to head of a theological revolution. As the eldest, after his father passed on, he became head of the household taking on the responsibility for his mother’s welfare making the family’s decisions. As a Rabbi with disciples, he takes on the role of prophet, one responsible for conveying God’s word to oftentimes unwilling listeners. In this verse we see both roles in play. Jesus has officially started his ministry with the miracle of changing water to wine, and yet his family still travels with him.

Q: What do you suppose the conversation might have been like between Jesus’ disciples and his family members while they were staying in Capernaum?

Continue reading “Family Portrait”

John 2:11

“What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee was the first of the signs through which he revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him.”

Glory is a concept that does not seem to enter into normal conversation in our world. Sometimes it comes up in a disparaging way as in, “he is just in it for the glory.” But even that is not all that common these days. Does anyone still “bask in glory”? The connotation of glory tends to be negative because we live in a competitive society. The idea of glory being attributed to someone as a good thing is not something we typically relate to.

In spite of this, the glory of God is something that transcends any human comparison. God’s glory is pure. His motives are pure. His justice is perfect. His power is beyond imagination.

Q: How do you think of “glory,” and how would you describe Jesus’ glory that was revealed through the signs he performed?

Continue reading “Glory”

John 2: 9-10

“They did so, and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not realize where it had come from, though the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside and said, ‘Everyone brings out the choice wine first and then the cheaper wine after the guests have had too much to drink; but you have saved the best till now.’”

After the wash water is tasted and declared to be the “best” wine, the challenge the servants have is in keeping a straight face. They know where they got the water. They know where it was stored. They could not have known that Jesus was God in the flesh. What were they to think?

Q: What would you be thinking, if you had been the servant who delivered the wash water turned into wine?

Continue reading “Surprise!”

John 2: 8

“Then he told them, ‘Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet.’

They did so…”

Once again the servants at the wedding are confronted with a challenge. They have been told by a guest to do whatever her son says. Her son, a man with his own entourage, tells them to fill the water jars used for washing. When they return from the work of hauling water to fill the jars they look expectantly at Jesus. “Now what?” is the implied question. The “Now what?” turns out to be a simple task, but a potentially embarrassing one: Take some of the water to the master of the banquet.

Again the servants prove their worth. They take what they know to be water and serve it to the person in charge of the banquet. They must have expected the master of the banquet to question their sanity! “Why are you bringing me this wash water to drink?” he might have said. Instead, a miracle happened…

Q: Getting to the miracle in this story involved a lot of work. How is the faithfulness of these servants in obeying Jesus a model for modern day Christians?

Continue reading “Miracle”