When he had received the drink, Jesus said, “It is finished.” With that, he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
In verse 28 John writes that Jesus knew “everything had now been finished.” In fact, there was still one more thing to do. John then writes that Jesus said, “I am thirsty” to fulfill scripture. When that is done, and Jesus has received the bitter wine, he then says, “It is finished.”
That “one more thing” was important to prove that God refuses to leave an opening for someone to cast doubt on Jesus’ divinity. No one is going to find a scripture about Jesus that was not fulfilled during his time on earth. (Not counting the prophecies related to the Second Coming, of course.)
This is another example of the exquisite detail God lavishes on His creation. He missed nothing. No detail is too small. God is aware of everything all the time.
Application: If Jesus is mindful of God’s plan even in the last seconds of his life on earth, shouldn’t we be as well?
Food for Thought: Do you think some things happen on earth that God is not aware of? If so, what kind of things would they be?
…and so that Scripture would be fulfilled, Jesus said, “I am thirsty.” A jar of wine vinegar was there, so they soaked a sponge in it, put the sponge on a stalk of the hyssop plant, and lifted it to Jesus’ lips.
John begins his narrative of Jesus’ ministry with a wedding at Cana. At the wedding Jesus makes wine. Not just some wine, but something on the order of 120 to 180 gallons of wine. And not just any wine, but “the best.” The wine is for a celebration of marriage, the beginning of a relationship where two become one.
Here, at the end of Jesus’ ministry on earth, John mentions wine again. This time it is not the best wine or even a lot of it. It is a mere dampness of cheap wine vinegar on a sponge.
Is this a metaphor for the relationship between God and man? God is abundantly generous with the very best. Man offers only a taste of bitterness. Maybe it is both a metaphor and at the same time the two references to wine are bookends for the story of Jesus that John tells us.
Application: It is probably best that we do not become too invested in our metaphors. After all, this life on earth might just be a metaphor for the abundant real life to come.
Food for Thought: How is the wine we use for communion related to the wine at Cana and the wine-vinegar at the cross?
Later, knowing that everything had now been finished…
Have you ever done a remodel project at home? TV shows make it look easy. You know the ones. They show you the happy couple hiring the happy contractor. The contractor then redoes their entire house in thirty minutes. When they walk in at the end of the show everything looks perfect! What you don’t see is what happens after the contractor and the camera crew leaves. That is when the little whoopsies start to show up.
In real life, almost nothing is ever done in thirty minutes. Sometimes projects last thirty years! Typically the closer I get to the finish line, the more things there seems to be to do. Eventually, we reach the point of “good enough” and we call it “finished.” For Jesus, “good enough” wasn’t good enough. It had to be perfect.
Think about the plan.
It wasn’t good enough that our Lord lived on earth and was slain for our sins. That was amazing, and a truly mind-boggling gift. But the Father wanted him to do more. Scripture records hundreds of prophecies about the Messiah that were fulfilled during Jesus’ life on earth. It wasn’t enough that he shows up. He had to complete a list of tasks that is almost beyond comprehension.
When he hung from the cross he knew that everything had been completed according to His Father’s will. Everything. He had no doubts. He did not wonder, “Now did I forget something?” At this point, there was no going back. No redoing anything. There could be no punch list of details he would attend to later.
What we see on Jesus’ face as he is dying is total confidence that “…everything had now been finished.”
Application: In the human world, perfection does not exist. If we do complete “everything,” it is because our plan was scaled to human abilities. God’s plan goes far beyond anything the human mind can comprehend. Knowing that He was able to fully and completely provide for our salvation, we can trust that he puts the same attention to detail into His plans for our lives.
Food for Thought: Of the things that Jesus had to complete while he was here on earth, outside of his death on the cross, what comes to mind as special?
When Jesus saw his mother there, and the disciple whom he loved standing nearby, he said to her, “Woman, here is your son,” and to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” From that time on, this disciple took her into his home.
After Joseph, Mary’s husband died, Jesus became the head of the household. After all, he was the eldest of all Mary’s children. When Jesus turned to his ministry, we have the sense that he had to leave behind some of his responsibility for his family.
John’s gospel gives us a very unique glimpse into his family life in the beginning, when Jesus does the miracle with the wine at Cana. At that point, the family was still traveling with Jesus. Later, in chapter 7, we see Jesus at home with his brothers. But much of the time he appears to have been traveling between Jerusalem and Galilee, preaching wherever he went.
Now, we are not only at the last day of Jesus’ life but actually reading about the last few minutes of his life on earth. Minutes before Jesus gives up his life, he arranges for John to take care of his mother. In this simple exchange of a few words, he provides for her for the rest of her life.
It is hard to know what Mary was thinking as she watched her son being crucified. We can imagine that she was heartbroken and grief-stricken. Perhaps shock best describes where her thoughts were. Maybe the question of who would take care of her crossed her mind. Maybe not. We will never know. We do know that if Jesus had not provided for her the question would eventually have come up. Who will take care of her?
Jesus asks John to do this thing. Not only is he to care for her, but he is to care for her as if she were his own mother. Jesus provides for her physical needs and her emotional support as well.
Application: God is not one to provide what is needed before it is needed. This can be frustrating. Most of us like to know where our next meal is coming from before we sit down to eat. We also like to know where we will be spending the night before nightfall comes. God knows our needs before we do. He also knows how to provide for our needs. And one more thing: He gets to choose when he provides.
Food for Thought: How does God’s tendency to wait until the last minute to provide for our needs affect us? What does it force us to do? Is this a good thing?
Near the cross of Jesus stood his mother, his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.
Jesus knows what he is doing. He understands everything that is happening to him and why it has to happen. He has known what was going to happen and told his disciples many times what would happen.
Jesus also understood that regardless of how often he told them what would happen, they still would not understand.
Neither would his mother.
Jesus was deeply loved by the women in his life. His mother was chosen by God to be the one who gave birth to the Son of God. That is amazingly special.
Then there is Mary, the one who had been possessed by seven demons before she met Jesus.
Jesus knows what he is doing and why, but no one else does. What God sees as a victory, the women in Jesus’ life see as defeat.
Application: The same thing is true today. God knows why each thing happens, and he knows what the end of the story is. Sometimes we cannot understand why things go wrong, but like Jesus, we need to trust God.
Food for Thought: What would Jesus have said to his mother if he could have taken her aside and talked with her before they nailed him to the cross?
When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of them, with the undergarment remaining. This garment was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom. “Let’s not tear it,” they said to one another. “Let’s decide by lot who will get it.” This happened that the scripture might be fulfilled that said, “They divided my clothes among them and cast lots for my garment.” So this is what the soldiers did.
As Rich pointed out in yesterday’s comments, the soldiers stripped Jesus of the last vestige of decency; they took his clothes.
John doesn’t do this nearly as much as Matthew does. He references the Old Testament prophecy that is fulfilled when this happens.
Maybe this was one of the few “perks” of being an executioner? You get to have whatever is left on the prisoner when they are sent out to die.
The end result is the final humiliation of Jesus before he is nailed to the cross.
Application: As we think about the power of our resurrected Lord, it is useful to reflect on what he went through to pay the price for being able to redeem us from Satan’s grasp. It was not only a physically painful sacrifice but an emotionally painful one, too.
Food for Thought: How is it that scripture can accurately predict the soldiers casting lots for the clothing hundreds of years before it happens?
When the soldiers crucified Jesus, they took his clothes, dividing them into four shares, one for each of them, with the undergarment remaining.
As I read John’s gospel, my mind tries to form a picture of what is going on. Taking the text slowly, one or two verses at a time helps pull out details that I would otherwise miss. For example, In today’s passage, we learn how many soldiers were assigned to the crucifixion.
In the post, “Garbage”, we took note of how little attention was paid to our Lord’s crucifixion. At the time, it was not an earth-shaking event. (Oh wait, it was! See Matthew 27: 51-54) Finally, in verse 16, Pilate hands Jesus over to “the soldiers.” But we don’t know how many soldiers. This is the key event for Christians. In my imagination, I picture many soldiers. Maybe as many as twenty or more. After all, this is an important prisoner!
No. It wasn’t like that.
Four soldiers are assigned the grim duty of executing three men. Many details are missing from the story. Were they shackled? Chained together? Chained by the waist or by the ankle? How did four men keep track of three condemned men?
This is something that happened often. The soldiers had a routine. They had to deal with angry rebels, violent men, some of whom were likely very strong. All of them would want to get away. In Jesus’ case, he was flogged first. Were all of them flogged?
The fact that there are only four soldiers tells us an important detail about the picture John is painting for us.
Application: How do you picture the crucifixion? Does it matter? Do you understand what our Lord did to ensure your salvation? Details matter. Taking time to meditate on the details of scripture pays dividends. A deeper understanding of our Lord’s time on earth helps us respond to him more appropriately. It also equips us to better share His story with others.
Food for Thought: What other detail(s) of the crucifixion do we learn in this short passage?
Pilate had a notice prepared and fastened to the cross. It read: Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews. Many of the Jews read this sign, for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and the sign was written in Aramaic, Latin and Greek. The chief priests of the Jews protested to Pilate, ”Do not write ‘The King of the Jews,’ but that this man claimed to be king of the Jews.” Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”
The past three and a half weeks have largely been devoted to Pilate. During this time I feel like I have come to know him more as a person. The Pilate we see in the other gospels doesn’t always come off so human. John spends considerable time describing this man and the efforts he made to avoid killing a man he considered innocent.
From the first, when Jesus is brought to Pilate, until handing him over the soldiers several hours later, Pilate sought to release Jesus. Not until the Jews finally forced his hand did he relent. Today’s verse suggests he wasn’t happy about it.
While the soldiers are forcing Jesus to carry his cross on the long walk to Golgotha, Pilate is busy. He has a sign made to have mounted on Jesus’ cross. He does not have long before Jesus reaches the place of crucifixion. Even so, he takes the time to have the message written in three languages: Aramaic, Latin, and Greek. The message says:
JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWS
JESUS NAZARENUS, REX IUDÆORUM
Ο ΙΗΣΟΥΣ ΤΗΣ ΝΑΖΑΡΕΤΗ, Ο ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΝΟΜΟΣ ΤΩΝ ΙΑΒΩΝ
We don’t know how much Pilate knew about the Jewish religion, but he knew that calling Jesus the “king of the Jews” irritated the Jewish leaders. He would have the last word. To use an old expression, he “got his digs in.” It may be, in some strange way, he also wanted to honor the unusual man he had condemned to death. The man who was king, but not of a kingdom on earth.
The Jews, of course, were incensed. Writing those words on a sign seemed to be an accusation. Like they had done something wrong instead of cleansing the world of a horrible blasphemer. They appeal to Pilate to change the sign. Pilate’s answer is classic, “What I have written, I have written.”
Application: Pilate is outflanked by the Jews politically and forced to do something against his better judgment. But he doesn’t have to like it. He is not above voicing his protest. Perhaps the application here is that we, too, should remember that even when we are powerless to change events, we are always able to speak the truth.
Food for Thought: Why did Pilate write the sign in three languages if he was just trying to provoke the Jews?
There they crucified him, and with him two others—one on each side and Jesus in the middle.
As a Christian I think of Jesus as the most important person in history. He is, after all, the critical link between God, man’s creator, and man, the creation. Jesus is the Son of God. He was present at the creation of the world and was the means of creation. We owe everything that exists to this one Being.
It would seem appropriate that if the Son of God were to be crucified, it would be a Big Deal. The eyes of all the world would be focused on that moment. Mankind, in all its glory, is now going to crucify its’ creator.
Uh… no.
It wasn’t like that.
There was nothing special going on that day. Just another crucifixion. Two other men were crucified that day as well.
It was more like taking out the garbage.
The “garbage” was hung on a pole alongside the road for all to see. A warning to other would-be ne’er-do-wells. People walking along that road might turn their heads away in disgust. Others might be attracted to the sight, looking and jeering. After all, they didn’t have TV back in Jesus’ day. Watching someone die might be considered entertaining.
But Jesus was not treated any different than any other criminal that had died along that road. He was just another body on just another cross slowly dying in the heat of the desert sun.
Application: In this verse we get a sense of the depth of abandonment Jesus experienced. He was less than special. He was completely ignored by the world. Just another body on a pole, being put to death for who-knows-what bad thing he did. Ignored by all but a very few who actually knew who he was. When our efforts to do good in this world seem ignored and unnoticed, it is helpful to remember that the most amazingly good thing that was ever done for you and me was done in total ignominy.
Food for Thought: Take a few minutes and read through the entire Gospel of John. At what point in the story do you ever think it will end up like this? How does this scene add to your understanding of Christ’s humility?
Carrying his own cross, he went out to the place of the Skull (which in Aramaic is called Golgotha).
There are any number of ways that a prisoner could be conveyed from the governor’s palace to the place of execution. They could be carried on a cart, tied to a horse, dragged, or made to walk. In Jesus’ case, he had to carry his cross.
Was he carrying the whole cross or only the top crossbar?
I don’t know. I don’t imagine that it matters. Having been flogged across the back and shoulders there would be nothing left to safely lean a piece of wood on. Any pressure would hurt. Rough wood on a torn back would be excruciatingly painful.
The soldiers would be obligated to make the process as painful as possible. The humiliation of the “criminal” was paramount. The pain would be blinding. The noise and jeers of the soldiers painful to hear. The shame of being treated like a criminal dehumanizing. In fact, the whole process de-humanized a person.
The place of the Skull is not known for certain today but we know it was close to the city and outside of the city walls. It was near a main road so that people could see what happens to those who deserve punishment. (Golgotha comes from the Aramaic word for “skull” and Calvary is derived from the Latin word for the same thing.)
Carrying his cross, Jesus walked… (Did they even let him wear sandals or was he barefoot?)
Carrying his cross, Jesus walked for what must have seemed like an eternity. Taunted, whipped, prodded by Roman soldiers, surrounded by jeering, spitting Jews. Laughter ringing in his ears.
I am reminded of what Jesus said in his Sermon on the Mount:
“You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.’ But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also. And if anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, hand over your coat as well. If anyone forces you to go one mile, go with them two miles. Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you.“
(Matthew 5: 38-42)
Application: Jesus didn’t just die on the cross for us, he also carried our cross for us. He taught us to endure evil people. This is perhaps the hardest lesson of all.
Food for Thought: Sometimes crosses can be big, sometimes they can be small. How would you define the word “cross” the way I just used it?
